Which anesthetic agent is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration of action?

Desflurane is known for its rapid onset and short duration of action among inhalational anesthetics. This agent's low solubility in blood leads to quicker induction and recovery times compared to other anesthetics. Because it is less soluble, it diffuses more readily from the lungs into the bloodstream, allowing for a faster equilibration between the alveolar concentration and the arterial concentration of the anesthetic agent. As a result, patients wake up more quickly once desflurane administration is stopped.

Other agents like isoflurane, sevoflurane, and halothane have varying solubilities and characteristics that lead to longer durations of action. Isoflurane and sevoflurane provide a balance between speed of onset and duration but are still not as quick in recovery as desflurane. Halothane, while a well-known anesthetic, also exhibits a slower onset and longer duration of action, making it less favorable for procedures requiring rapid administration and recovery.